Future of DevOps
A presentation at ACM Talks by Sasha Rosenbaum
Future of DevOps Sasha Rosenbaum @DivineOps COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Sasha Rosenbaum @DivineOps Dev Ops Product Sales Consulting @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
The Past @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. 2022. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
1990s: Getting a new server up: 3+ months @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Backup @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Date Release name 1990 SQL Server 1.1 (16-bit) 1992 SQL Server 4.2A 1993 SQL Server 4.21a 1995 SQL Server 6.0 1996 SQL Server 6.5 1998 SQL Server 7.0 2000 SQL Server 2000 2003 SQL Server 2000 64-bit 2005 SQL Server 2005 2008 SQL Server 2008 2010 Azure SQL database @ergonauticly Software release cadence: 2-3-year cycle COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Merge hell Merging the development branches and completing the test procedures could take months @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Every company ran its own email @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Source: IBM Global Services, Improving systems availability, 1998. Ergonautic
Software as a Service ● ● ● Hotmail Google Search Salesforce 1996 1998 1999 Revenue share in 1999 ● Application Service Providers ● Software Applications $933M $74B Source: https://www.inc.com/magazine/20000401/18093.html @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Deployment Checklists COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
2000 27% of server market 41% of server market ● File-based OS ● Maintains configuration in files ● Every device is a file ● Executable-based OS ● Maintains configuration in registry ● Every device has a different driver mechanism COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
1990s: Maintenance windows @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
How many 9s is two weekends like that? < 99% @ergonauticly 3.65 days / year COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Unavailable systems were estimated to have cost American businesses $4.54B in 1996. @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Source: IBM Global Services, Improving systems availability, 1998. Ergonautic
Traditional IT dev ops wall of confusion COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
@ergonauticly Dev Ops Speed Reliability COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Darmok and Jalad at Tanagra @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Patrick and Andrew at Agile TO 2008 COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
10 deploys per day: Dev and Ops collaboration at Flickr Velocity 09: John Allspaw and Paul Hammond COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
DevOpsDays Ghent 2009: Patrick Debois @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
“DevOps” Google Search Trend 2009-Present @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Jez Humble and Dave Farley: 2010 @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Continuous Integration (CI) The practice of merging code into the main branch several times a day; and automating the build and testing on every commit. @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Continuous Delivery (CD) The approach in which teams produce software in short cycles, ensuring that the software can be reliably released at any time. @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Nicole Forsgren. State of DevOps Report 2019 COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Software delivery is like a muscle. The more you use it, the stronger it gets. @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly 37
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
The Present @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. 2022. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Effective automation requires consistent APIs @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
OS-level APIs COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
PowerShell (Windows) configuration management framework and scripting language Jeffrey Snover, 2006 COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Infrastructure-level APIs COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Amazon Web Services: 2002 Amazon Cloud Computing: 2006 Azure Cloud Services: 2008 @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
@DivineOps 2005 2009 Infrastructure as code 2012 COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
@DivineOps Every wave of automation Enables the next wave of automation COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Today @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
We have a lot more automation @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
We have a lot more automation tools @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
We have much higher availability @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
We have better on-call @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
We have better incident response @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
We deploy a lot more frequently @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
BUT @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Many of us are bad at monitoring @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Many of us are bad at CI @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Continuous Integration (CI) The practice of merging code into the main branch several times a day; and automating the build and testing on every commit. @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
You cannot CI/CD Without Testing @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
We have convinced people that deploying faster is good We forgot to mention that increasing the Operational Burden is bad @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SRE ≃ Google’s implementation DevOps @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Why did SRE develop? @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SaaS Market 2008-2020 @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
What is the most important thing about the SRE discipline? @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SRE is about explicit agreements that align incentives @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SLA, SLI, SLO @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SLA = Financially-backed availability @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Monthly downtime > 1.5 days means 100% refund COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SLAs are about aligning incentives between Vendor & Customer COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SLO = Targeted reliability @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
While SLA is a single metric, SLOs are a system of metrics COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
SLO = Business-approved reliability @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SLOs are about explicitly aligning incentives between Business & Engineering @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Error Budgets Acceptable level of unreliability Error budget = 1 - SLO EB = 1 – 99.99% = 0.01% ≃ 13 mins /quarter @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Error budgets are about aligning incentives between Dev & Ops @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
If developers are measured on the same SLO, then when the error budget is drained developers shift focus from delivering new features to improving @ergonauticly Reliability COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
SLI = Actual reliability @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Monitoring @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Without monitoring, you have no way to tell whether your service even works! @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Good Monitoring @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Without good monitoring, you don’t know that the service does what users expect it to do! @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
The Future @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. 2022. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Something we have to talk about @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
AI @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
AI will not [yet] take your job @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
AI will change jobs @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Ethics @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Like a Library @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Current AI aggregates and synthesizes the results of decades of human work @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Written works, code, art @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Unlike a Library @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Current AI charges its users for the content But it DOES NOT pay royalties or give attribution to the creators @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
Fairness usually loses to profit @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Are people going to stop sharing? @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Something else we have to talk about @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
DevOps is Dead @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Is it though? @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
@ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Someone in your org is keeping your systems alive And their life might be hell COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
The future is already here. It’s just not evenly distributed ~ William Gibson @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Renaming Teams Support -> Sys Admin -> Ops -> DevOps -> SRE -> Platform Eng (?) @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
seeking advantage seeking legitimacy COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
words cross the chasm before understanding and practice COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Most organizations I encounter, even those running SaaS, have no SRE practice @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Most Organizations today ● Don’t merge code frequently ● Don’t have quality testing during CI ● Don’t have informative monitoring ● Don’t enforce Error Budgets ● Don’t have a platform @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
everyone wants DevOps well actually… COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
what they really want ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● reliability availability scalability operability usability observability all for free without changing anything COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
without changing anything COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
without changing anything COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
without changing anything COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Software Everyone wants this Platform When they haven’t solved this Infrastructure @ergonauticly Or even this COPYRIGHT 2023. 2022. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly Ergonautic
Operating Model Everyone wants to deliver SaaS Software Dev Software Ops Software optimally delivered on PaaS Platform Dev Platform Ops Software too dependent on IaaS Infrastructure Dev Infrastructure Ops COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Also, Software Ergonautic
Let’s bring the future to everyone COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
We don’t need new words We need to implement what we already know to work well COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Let’s start small @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
This Not this COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
The future is already here. It’s just not evenly distributed ~ William Gibson @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Ergonautic
Thank you! Sasha Rosenbaum @DivineOps @ergonauticly COPYRIGHT 2023. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. www.ergonautic.ly
The term DevOps first appeared in 2009, and since then has been used to describe a cultural shift, an engineering job title, and many products in the Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery space. In this session, we will talk through the brief history of DevOps as a methodology, a set of technical skills, and an umbrella of technologies, and then dive into what the next 5 to 10 years are likely to look like in the DevOps space.
for free. You
can too.
